The new frontiers of procurement in the digital age. Results of an empirical survey on procurement 4.0 in Italy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7433/s109.2019.06Keywords:
enabling technologies; industry 4.0; procurement 4.0; innovation; change; ItalyAbstract
Purpose of the paper: The paper presents the results of a research conducted through a university-business partnership, aimed at providing a first photo of enabling technologies in Procurement (Procurement 4.0) in Italian enterprises, both in terms of interest and cultural attitude and actual use.
Methodology: The research is conducted with a quantitative methodology, realized with an online questionnaire (CAWI), transmitted by the Italian Association of Procurement Managers (ADACI) via email to its members. The statistical analysis of the results is descriptive.
Results: The survey, with 51 recorded replies, collects a sample of innovative enterprises, with a good awareness of the role that enablig technologies can have and how strong the impact can be on business models procurement practice. These enterprises can therefore be considered as innovators able to act as a flywheel for the diffusion of enabling technologies along the supply chains they partecipate in.
Research limits: The research takes stock of a phenomenon that is still in the embryonic phase in Italy. The number of responses is therefore limited. New research will have to be carried out in order to strengthen and generalise the results, also through inferential statistical analysis.
Practical implications: The research provides information useful to researchers, policy-makers and practinioners to support their decision-making processes regarding a very innovative phenomenon, which is still little known in Italy.
Originality of the paper: Procurement 4.0 in Italy is still very little explored. The research, through a university-business partnership, provides a first original scientific contribution that will feed new research and support enterprises in this historical phase, which is crucial for the competitiveness of the Italian production system.
References
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GLAS A.H., KLEEMAN F.C. (2016), “The Impact of Industry 4.0 on Procurement and Supply Management: A Conceptual and Qualitative Research”, International Journal of Business and Management Invention, vol. 5, n. 6, pp. 55-66.
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MINISTERO DELLO SVILUPPO ECONOMICO (2018), La diffusione delle imprese 4.0 e le politiche: evidenze 2017, available from https://www.mise.gov.it/images/stories/documenti/Rapporto-MiSE-MetI40.pdf
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BRANCATI R., MARESCA A. (2018), Industria 4.0 in Italia: diffusione, tendenze e qualche riflessione, MET 2017-18, Ministero dello Sviluppo Economico, available from https://www.mise.gov.it/images/stories/documenti/Rapporto-MiSE-Met-I40_Slide.pdf.
BRETTEL M., FRIEDERICHSEN N., KELLER M., ROSENBERG M. (2014), “How Virtualization, Decentralization and Network Building Change the Manufacturing Landscape: An Industry 4.0 Perspective”, International Journal of Information and Communication Engineering, vol. 8, n. 1, pp. 37-44.
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BRUZZI S. (2014), “Education&Research in the European Union: Developing New Policies for Innovation to Compete in the Global Knowledge Economy”, The European Union Review, vol. 19, n. 1-2-3, pp. 17-31.
BUNDESMINISTERIUM FUR BILDUNG UND FORSCHUNG (BMBF) (2013), Recommendations for implementing the strategic initiative Industrie 4.0, available from https://www.din.de/blob/76902/e8cac883f42bf28536e7e8165993f1fd/recommendations-for-implementing-industry-4-0-data.pdf.
CANTONE L. (2003), Outsourcing e creazione del valore. Ridisegnare i modelli di business per conseguire il vantaggio, Il Sole 24 Ore, Milano.
CASELLI L. (ed.) (1995), Le parole dell’impresa. Guida alla letteratura del cambiamento, Franco Angeli, Milano.
CHASE R.B., JACOBS F.R., GRANDO A., SIANESI A. (2012), Operations Management nella produzione e nei servizi, McGrawHill, Milano.
CHRISTOPHER M. (2000), “The Agile Supply chain: Competing in Volatile Markets”, Industrial Marketing Management, vol. 29, n. 1, January, pp. 37-44.
CHRISTOPHER M., TOWILL D.R. (2000), “Supply chain migration from lean and functional to agile and customised”, Supply Chain Management, vol. 5, n. 4, pp. 206-213.
CIPOLLA C.M. (1989), Tecnica, Società, Cultura, Il Mulino, Bologna.
DALLI D., LANZARA R. (2011), “La servitization dei prodotti”, in Cinquini L., Di Minin A., Varaldo R., Nuovi modelli di business e creazione di valore: la Scienza dei Servizi, Springer, Wiesbaden, pp. 51-71.
DELOITTE (2018a), Italia 4.0: siamo pronti? Il percepito degli executive in merito agli impatti economici, tecnologici e sociali delle nuove tecnologie, available from https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/it/Documents/process-and-operations/Report%20Italia%204.0%20siamo%20pronti_Deloitte%20Italy.pdf
DELOITTE (2018b), Leadership: Driving innovation and delivering impact.The Deloitte Global Chief Procurement Officer Survey 2018, available from https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/at/Documents/strategy-operations/deloitte-global-cpo-survey-2018.pdf
DUTTA S., LANVIN B., WUNSCH-VINCEN S. (eds.) (2014), The Global Innovation Index. The Human Factor in Innovation, World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), available from available from https://www.globalinnovationindex.org/userfiles/file/reportpdf/GII-2014-v5.pdf
ELLRAM L.M., CARR A. (1994), “Strategic Purchasing: A History and Review of the Literature”, Journal of Supply Chain Management, vol. 30, n. 1, pp. 2-57.
EUROPEAN COMMISSION (2009), Preparing for our future: Developing a common strategy for key enabling technologies in the EU. Current situation of key enabling technologies in Europe, Commission Staff Working Document accompanying the Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions, Brussels, 30.09.2009 SEC(2009) 1257 final, available from https://www.researchitaly.it/uploads/477/staff_working_document_sec512_key_enabling_technologies_en.pdf
EVRY SURVEY (2016), Automation, Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, available from https://www.evry.com/globalassets/surveys/evry_survey_2016.pdf
FARMER D., DAY M. (ed.) (2002), Handbook of Purchasing Managenement, Gower Pub Co, Aldershot, UK
GEISSBAUER R., WEISSBARTH R., WETZSTEIN J. (2016), Procurement 4.0. Are you ready for the digital revolution, PWC, available from https://www.strategyand.pwc.com/media/file/Procurement-4.pdf
GIUNIPERO L.C., BRAND R.R. (1996), “Purchasing’s Role in Supply Chain Management”, International Journal of Logistics Management, vol. 7, n. 1, pp. 29-38.
GLAS A.H., KLEEMAN F.C. (2016), “The Impact of Industry 4.0 on Procurement and Supply Management: A Conceptual and Qualitative Research”, International Journal of Business and Management Invention, vol. 5, n. 6, pp. 55-66.
GRANT R.M. (2016), L’analisi strategica per le decisioni aziendali, Il Mulino, Bologna.
HUANG C.C., LIANG W.Y., LIN S.H. (2009), “An agile approach for supply chain modeling”, Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, vol. 45, n. 3, May, pp. 380-397.
HUGHES J., ERTEL D. (2016), “The Reinvention of Procurement”, Supply Chain Management Review, vol. 20, n. 3, pp. 18-23.
JOHNSON P.F., FLYNN A.E. (2015), Purchasing and Supply Management, McGraw Hill, New York.
KAGERMANN H., ANDERL R., GAUSEMEIER J., CHUH G., WAHLSTER W. (eds.) (2016), Industrie 4.0 in a Global Context Strategies for Cooperating with International Partner, acatech - National Academy of Science and Engineering, available from https://www.plattform-i40.de/I40/Redaktion/EN/Downloads/Publikation/industrie-40-in-a-global-context.pdf?__blob=publicationFile&v=1.
KEITH B., VITASEK K., MANRODT K., KLING J. (2016), Strategic Sourcing in the New Economy. Harnessing the Potential of Sourcing Business Models for Modern Procurement, Palgrave Macmillan, New York.
KRALJIC P. (1983), “Purchasing must become supply management”, Harvard Business Review, vol. 61, n. 5, pp. 109-117.
LORENZ M., RÜßMANN M., STRACK R., LUETH K.L., BOLLE M. (2015), Man and Machine in Industry 4.0. How Will Technology Transform the Industrial Workforce Through 2025?, The Boston Consulting Group, available from http://englishbulletin.adapt.it/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/BCG_Man_and_Machine_in_Industry_4_0_Sep_2015_tcm80-197250.pdf
MALAKOUTI M., REZAEI S., SHAHIJAN M.K. (2017), “Agile supply chain management (ASCM): a management decision-making approach”, Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, vol. 29, n. 1, pp. 171-182.
MANTEY C. (2015), “Jumping on the Internet of Things bandwagon or get left the dust”, Supply&Demand Chain Executive, vol. 16, n. 2, pp. 11-12.
MINISTERO DELLO SVILUPPO ECONOMICO (2018), La diffusione delle imprese 4.0 e le politiche: evidenze 2017, available from https://www.mise.gov.it/images/stories/documenti/Rapporto-MiSE-MetI40.pdf
NICOLETTI B. (2018), Agile Procurement, Volume II: Designing and Implementing a Digital Transformation, Palgrave MacMillan, Cham.
PELLEGAHR K., SCHULTE A.T., BERG R. (2016), Pilot Study. Procurement 4.0. The digitalisation of procurement, Fraunhofer Institute for Material Flow and Logistics, available from https://www.iml.fraunhofer.de/content/dam/iml/de/documents/OE260/Pilot%20Study_Procurement%204-0_Fraunhofer%20IML_BME.pdf.
PFOHL H.C., BURAK Y., TAMER K. (2015), "The Impact of Industry 4.0 on the Supply chain", in Kersten W., Blecker T., Ringle C.M. (eds, ), Innovations and Strategies for Logistics and Supply Chains. Technologies, Business Models andRisk Management, Proceedings of the Hamburg International Conference of Logistics (HICL), pp. 31-58.
PORTER M. (1985), The Competitive Advantage, The Free Press, New York.
PORTER M., HEPPELMANN J.E. (2014), “How Smart, Connected Products Are Transforming Competition”, Harvard Business Review, vol. 92, n. 11, pp. 64-88.
RONCHI S., BRUN A., GOLINI R., FAN X. (2010), “What is the value of an e-procurement system?”, Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management, vol. 16, n. 2, pp. 131-140
RÜßMANN M., LORENZ M., GERBERT P., WALDNER M., ENGEL P., HARNISCH M. (2015), Industry 4.0, The Future of Productivity and Growth in Manufacturing Industries, available from https://www.bcg.com/it-it/publications/2015/engineered_products_project_business_industry_4_future_productivity_growth_manufacturing_industries.aspx
SCHMIDT R., MOHRING M., HARTING R.C., REICHSTEIN C., NEUMAIER P., JOZINOVIC P. (2015), “Potential for Creating Smart Products: Empirical Research Results, in Abramowicz W., Business Information Systems, Springer, Wiesbaden.
SCHÜTTE G. (2012), State Secretary, Keynote speech at the Federal Ministry of Education and Research at the Conference “Integrated Research Agenda Cyber Physical Systems”, available from https://www.bmbf.de/upload_filestore/pub/reden/sts_20120412.pdf
SLACK N., BRANDON-JONES A., JOHNSTON R., BETTS A., DANESE P., ROMANO P., VINELLI A. (2013), Gestione delle Operations e dei Processi, Pearson Italy, Milan-Turin.
STANTON CHASE (2017), 2017 Global Industrial Survey, available from https://www.stantonchase.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/2017-Global-Industrial-Survey.pdf
TAGLIAGAMBE S., USAI G. (1999), Organizzazioni: soggetti umani e sviluppo socio-economico, Giuffrè, Milano.
THOBEN K.D., WIESNER S.A., WUEST T. (2017), ““Industrie 4.0” and Smart Manufacturing - A Review of Research Issues and Application Examples”, International Journal of Automation Technology, vol. 11, n. 1, pp. 4-16.
UMBENHAUER B., YOUGER L. (2018), Leadership: driving innovation and delivering impact. The Deloitte Global Chief Procurement Officer Survey available from https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/at/Documents/strategy-operations/deloitte-global-cpo-survey-2018.pdf
UYGUN Y., ILIE M. (2018), “Autonomous Manufatoring-related Procurement in the Era of Industry 4.0”, in Shupp F., Wohner H. (eds.), Digitalisierung im Einkauf, Springer, Wiesbaden, pp. 81-97.
VAIDYA S., AMBAD P., BHOSLE S. (2018), “Industry 4.0 - A Glimpse”, Procedia Manufacturing, vol. 20, pp. 233-238.
VELO D. (ed.) (2007), L’Europa dei progetti. Imprese, innovazione, sviluppo, Giuffré, Milan.
VOLLMER M., MACHHOLZ K. (2018), CPO Survey 2018. What’s the next big thing in procurement?, SAP Ariba, available from https://www.ariba.com/resources/library/library-pages/cpo-survey-2018.
VON DER GRACHT H., GIUNIPERO L.C., SCHUELLER M. (2016), Future-proof procurement. Now or never: the big procurement tranformation, KPMG, available from https://assets.kpmg/content/dam/kpmg/pdf/2016/04/kpmg-studie-future-proof-procurement-sec.pdf.
WORLD BANK GROUP (The) (2002), Constructing Knowledge Societies: New Challenges for Tertiary Education, The World Bank, available from http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTAFRREGTOPTEIA/Resources/Constructing_Knowledge_Societies.pdf
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2019-08-30
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