Destinazioni minori e sviluppo turistico sostenibile. Il progetto EDEN nella Regione Lombardia (Minor destinations and sustainable tourism development. The EDEN project in the Lombardia region)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7433/s92.2013.08Keywords:
sustainable development, minor destinations, quality, EDEN projecAbstract
Purpose of the paper:This paper aims to study the features of slow territories as possible minor benchmark destinations in a new vision of local sustainable development. The hypothesis behind the work states that the sustainability of the development model is in itself a value capable of influencing the tourism competitiveness of minor destinations, which cannot be identified as marginal territories, but which can, on the contrary, be viewed as distinct areas.
Methodology: The paper analyses literature on the subject and collects data from public sources and interviews held by those in charge of the EDEN project in Lombardy.
Findings: The analysis highlights the way in which the Community project has been recognised as being an instrument, capable of increasing the visibility of a minor destination, but not so far as being an opportunity, which will encourage good practice to be shared and exchanged throughout EU territory.
Research limits: Research was limited by the restricted number of cases analysed and the lack of a set of indicators capable of measuring the impact on tourist communication.
Practical implications: This work reveals potential, practical implications not only for the assessment of consistency between the EDEN project objectives and its results, but also for the management of the territory from the point of view of enhancement and participation.
Originality of the study: The most original aspect of the work consists of the identification of minor destinations as areas capable of promoting excellent models of sustainable tourist development, in which their slow emergence and marginal condition can be regarded positively, so as to become their distinctive factor.
References
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MARTINI U. (2005), Management dei sistemi territoriali. Gestione e marketing delle destinazioni turistiche, G. Giappicchelli, Torino.
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BLAIN C., LEVY S.E., RITCHIE J.R.B. (2005), “Destination Branding”, Journal of Travel Research, vol. 43, n. 4, pp. 328-338.
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CANTONE L., RISITANO M., TESTA P. (2007), “Strategie di sviluppo delle destinazioni turistiche e ruolo della marca territoriale”, Mercati e Competitività, n. 1., pp.23-32
CICIOTTI E., DALLARA A., RIZZI P. (2008), Una geografia della sostenibilità dei sistemi locali italiani, Internazionalizzazione e sviluppo regionale, Franco Angeli, Milano.
COLOMBO L. (2005), Il turismo responsabile, Xenia Edizioni, Milano.
COMMISSIONE EUROPEA (2010), Comunicazione 352/3, L’Europa, prima destinazione turistica mondiale - un nuovo quadro politico per il turismo europeo.
COOPER C., FLETCHER J., FYALL A., GILBERT D., WANHILL S., (2008), Tourism: Principles and practice, Harlow, FT Prentice Ha.
COOPER C., FLETCHER J., GILBERT D., SHEPHERD R., WANHILL S., (2002), Economia del turismo, Zanichelli, Bologna.
DELLA CORTE V. (2009), Imprese e sistemi turistici. Il management, Egea, Milano.
DELLA CORTE V. (2000), La gestione dei sistemi locali di offerta turistica, Cedam, Padova.
DONOHOE H.M., NEEDHAM R.D., (2006), “Ecotourism: The evolving contemporary definition”, Journal of Ecotourism, vol. 5, n. 3, pp. 192-210.
DREDGE D. (2006), “Policy networks and the Local Organisation of Tourism”, Tourism Management, vol. 27, n. 2, pp. 269-280.
FAYOS-SOLA E. (1996), “Tourism policy: a midsummer night’s dream?”, Tourism Management, vol. 17, n. 6, pp. 405-412.
FENNEL D.A. (2001), “A content analysis of ecotourism definitions”, Current Issues in Tourism, vol. 4, n. 5, pp. 403-421.
FENNEL D.A. (2002), Ecotourism Programme Planning, Cabi, Wallingford.
FENNEL D.A., DOWLING R.K., (2003), Ecotourism policy and planning, CABI Publishing, Wallingford, Oxon.
FRANCH M., SAMBRI C., MARTINI U., PEGAN G., RIZZI G. (2008), “La domanda di turismo responsabile e di eco-turismo in Italia. Un’indagine esplorativa sui turisti CTS”, Atti del Convegno Marketing Trends, Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, 17-19 gennaio 2008.
FRANCH M. (2010), Marketing delle destinazioni turistiche. Metodi, approcci e strumenti, McGraw-Hill, Milano.
FRANCH M., MARTINI U., BUFFA F. (2008), “Strategie di brand management nelle destinazioni alpine community”, Mercati e Competitività, n. 4 pp. 151-170.
FUKUYAMA F. (1995), Trust. The Social Virtues and the Creation of Prosperity, FreePress, New York.
FUKUYAMA F. (1996), Fiducia, Rizzoli, Milano.
GIAOUTZI M., NIJKAMP P. (1993), Decision support model for sustainable development, Aldershot, Avebury
GODFREY K., CLARKE J. (2000), The Tourism Development Handbook, Cassell, London.
GOLINELLI C.M., SIMONI M. (2006), “Gli strumenti del marketing turistico e territoriale”, Sinergie. Rapporti di ricerca, vol. 2, n. 23, pp. 61-78.
GOLINELLI G.M. (2004), Ridefinire il valore della marca, Sinergie, n. 63, pp. 221-227.
GOLINELLI C., TRUNFIO M., LIGUORI M. (2006), “Governo e marketing del territorio”, Sinergie, Rapporti di ricerca, vol. 2, n. 23, pp. 17-43.
GOODWIN H., FRANCIS, J. (2003), “Ethical and responsible tourism: consumer trend in the Uk”, Journal of Vacation Marketing, vol. 9, n. 3, pp. 271-284.
HAUGLAND S.A., NESS H., GRONSETH B., AARSTAD J. (2011), “Development of tourism destinations. An Integrated Multilevel Perspective”, Annals of Tourism Research, vol. 38, n. 1, pp. 268-290.
HUNTER C., GREEN H. (1995), Tourism and the environment: a sustainable relationship?, Routledge Press, London.
KAHNEMAN D., KRUEGER A.B. (2006), “Developments in the Measurement of Subjective Well-Being”, Journal of Economic Perspectives, vol. 20, n.1, pp. 3-24.
KASPAR C. (1995), Management im Tourismus, Verlag Paul Haupt, Bern.
KAVARATZIS M. (2005), “Palce Branding”, The Marketing Review, vol. 5, n. 4, pp. 329-342.
LANCERINI E. (2005), “Territori lenti: contributi per una nuova geografia dei paesaggi abitati italiani”, Territorio, n.34, pp. 9-15.
LAWS E. (1995), Tourist Destination Management, Issues Analysis and Policies, Routledge, London.
LAYARD R. (2006), Happiness. Lessons from a new science, Penguin, London.
LEIPER N. (1990), “Tourist Attraction System”, Annals of Tourism Research, vol. 17, n. 3, pp. 367-384.
MANENTE M., CERATO M. (2000), “Destination management per creare valore”, in Pechlaner H., Weiermair K., Destination Management. Fondamenti di marketing e gestione delle destinazioni turistiche, Touring Editore, Milano.
MANZI E. (2001), “Paesaggio, turismo e sostenibilità ambientale. Qualche indicazione per una utopia necessaria”, Bollettino della Società Geografica Italiana, serie XII, vol. VI, pp. 389.403.
MARTINI U. (2005), Management dei sistemi territoriali. Gestione e marketing delle destinazioni turistiche, G. Giappicchelli, Torino.
MCKERCHER B. (1993), “Some fundamental truths about tourism: understanding tourism’s social and environmental impacts”, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, vol. 1, n. 1, pp. 6-16.
MIDDLETON V., HAWKINS R. (1998), Sustainable Tourism: A Marketing Perspective, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford.
MIHALIC T. (2000), “Environmental management of a tourist destination A factor of tourism competitiveness”, Tourism Management, vol. 21, n. 1, pp. 65-78.
MURPHY P.E. (1985), Tourism: A Community Approach, Methuen, New York.
MUTTI A. (1998), Capitale sociale e sviluppo. La fiducia come risorsa, Il Mulino, Bologna.
PEARCE D.W., BARBIER E., MARKANDYA A. (1988), Sustainable Development and Cost Benefit Analysis, Paper 88/03. IIED/UCL London. Environmental Economics.
PECHLANER H., FISCHER E., HAMMAN E.M. (2005), “Creating the valuable basis of competitive advantages of destinations”, in Keller P., Bieger T., Innovation in Tourism, AIEST, St. Gallen.
PETERS M., WEIERMAIR K., KATAWANDEE P. (2006), “Strategic Brand Management of tourism destination”, in Keller P., Bieger T., Marketing Efficieny in Tourism, Schmidt -AIEST, Berlin.
PHILLIPS P.A., MOUTINHO L. (1998), Strategic planning systems in hospitality and tourism, CABI publishing, Wallingford, Oxon.
PICHIERRI A. (1995), “Stato e identità economiche regionali”, Stato e Mercato, n. 44, pp. 213-229.
PFOOR C. (2002), “The Markets and the Shakers of Tourism Policy in the Northern Territory of Australia: a Policy Network of Actors and Their Relationship Constellations”, Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, vol. 9, n. 2, pp. 134-151.
POON A. (1993), Tourism, technology and competitive strategies, CABI Publishing, Wallingford, Oxon.
PUTNAM R. (1993), La tradizione civica nelle regioni italiane, Mondadori, Milano.
PRISKIN J. (2001), “Assessment of natural resources for nature-based tourism: the case of the Central Coast Region of Western Australia”, Tourism Management, vol. 22, n. 6, pp. 637-648.
RITCHIE J.R.B., CROUCH G.I. (2000), “The competitive destination: a sustainable perspective”, Tourism Management, vol. 21, n. 1, pp. 1-7.
ROBSON J., ROBSON I. (1996), “From Stakeholders to Stakeholders”, Tourism Management, vol. 17, n. 7, pp. 533-540.
SAUTTER E.T., LEISEN B. (1999), “Managing Stakeholders”, Annals of Tourism Research, vol. 26, n. 2, pp. 321-328.
SAMBRI C., PEGAN G. (2008), “La domanda di turismo responsabile. Un’indagine esplorativa sui turisti italiani nel nord-est”, Mercati e competitività, n. 1, pp. 65-92.
SCOTT N., BAGGIO R., COOPER C. (2008), Network analysis and tourism, Channel View publication, Clevedon.
SEN A. (1999), Development as Freedom, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
SHMELEV S., RODRIGUEZ-LABAJOS B. (2009), “Dynamic multidimensional assessment of sustainability at the macro level: The case of Austria”, Ecological Economics, vol. 68, n. 10, pp. 2560-2573.
SIMMONS D.G. (1994), “Community Participation in Tourism Planning”, Tourism Management, vol. 15, n. 2, pp. 98-108.
STIGLITZ J., SEN A., FITOUSSI J. (2009), Report by the Commission on the Measurement of Economic Performance and Social Progress.
TIMOTHY D.J. (1999), Participatory Planning: a view of tourism in Indonesia, Annals of Tourism Research, vol. 26, n. 2, pp. 371-391.
TRIGILIA C. (1999), “Capitale sociale e sviluppo locale”, Stato e mercato, n. 57, pp. 419-440.
VELLAS F., BÈCHEREL L. (1999), The international marketing of travel and tourism. A strategic approach, Macmillan Press, London.
WEAVER D.B., LAWTON L.J. (2007), “Twenty years on: the state of contemporary ecotourism research”, Tourism Management, vol. 28, n. 5, pp. 1168-1179.
WTO (2004), Guida degli indicatori di sviluppo sostenibile per le destinazioni turistiche, traduzione italiana a cura della Provincia di Rimini.
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2018-10-28
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