La regolazione del trasporto ferroviario: un’ analisi organizzativa delle autorità in Europa (Regulation of rail transport: an organizational analysis of authorities in Europe)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7433/s99.2016.17Keywords:
regulation authorities, railway transport, rail market, neo-istitutionalism, organizational field, EuropeAbstract
Purpose of the paper: The Regulation aspect within public utilities represents a really interesting theme, especially considering the rail market where the regulation ratio is strongly high (in terms of price level, entry barriers, accountability rules).
The aim of this work is to analyze organizational structures and dynamics within the Regulation Authorities, adopting the neo-institutional theory as theoretical framework.
Methodology: To pursue this objective, we have compared all the European Rail Regulation Authorities. The adopted methodology is the structured questionnaire, with the aim to understand main information about constitution, organizational structures, coordination and control mechanisms, and governance models.
Findings: Results evidence that the neo-institutional theory may in a good way explain the evolution of the rail regulation market, especially considering the fact that Authorities answered in different ways to the pressure coming from European regulation law.
Research limits: The main limit of this research is the fact that the rail regulation market still represents a very young organizational field, that means that it is still evolving. This consideration, indeed, represents also an opportunity for future research, by considering that it is possible to imagine future research to verify and analyze future evolution of the rail regulation field.
Practical implications: The same limits of this research can be considered as starting point for future research goals, mainly related to the possibility of repeating this study in order to test the evolution over time of the organizational field.
Originality of the paper: The relevance of this study may be found in the involvement of all European Rail Regulation Authorities.
References
BOSCO A. (2003), Come si costruisce un questionario, Carocci ed., Roma.
BRYMAN A. (2003), Quantity and quality in social research, Routledge, London.
BRYMAN A., BELL E. (2007), Business research methods, Oxford university press, Oxford.
CANONICO P., MARTINEZ M. (2006), “L’organizzazione delle agenzie per la regolazione e la competizione nei mercati di servizi di trasporto pubblico”, in Mercurio R., Organizzazione, Regolazione e Competitività, McGraw Hill, Milano.
CAVES R.E. (1990), “Lessons from privatization in Britain: State enterprise behavior, public choice, and corporate governance”, Journal Of Economic Behavior and Organization, vol. 13, n. 2, pp. 145-169.
CICELLIN M., CONSIGLIO S., DE VITA P. (2012), “Il Cambiamento Organizzativo: tra prospettive teoriche ed evidenze empiriche”, in AA.VV., Critical management studies: temi di ricerca nel dibattito internazionale, Editoriale Scientifica, Napoli.
CORBETTA P. (2003), La ricerca sociale: metodologia e tecniche, Il Mulino, Bologna.
D’AUNNO T., SUTTON R.I., PRICE R.H. (1991), “Isomorphism and external support in conflicting institutional environments: A study of drug abuse treatment units”, Academy of Management Journal, vol. 34, n. 3, pp. 636-661.
DIMAGGIO P.J., POWELL W. (1983), “The Iron Cage Revisited: Institutional Isomorphism and Collective Rationality in Organizational Fields”, American Sociological Review, vol. 48, n. 2, pp. 147-160.
DIMAGGIO P.J., POWELL W. (1991), The new institutionalism in organizational analysis, University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
EURISPES (2013), “Interventi mirati per rilanciare il comparto”, Osservatorio sulla Mobilità e i Trasporti, accesso su: http://www.eurispes.eu/content/italia-fanalino-di-coda-del-trasporto-ferroviario-europeo-delle-merci, 27 Febbraio.
EUROSTAT (2013), Trasporto ferroviario passeggeri in Europa (Milioni di Passeggeri-km), retrived on: http://eurostat.ec.europa.eu in data 15 luglio 2014.
FINGER M., ROSA A. (2012), “Governance of competition in the Swiss and european railway sector”, Final research report to the SBB Lab, University of St. Gallen, St. Gallen.
HASSELBLADH H., KALLINIKOS J. (2000), “The project of rationalization: a critique and reappraisal of neo-institutionalism in organization studies”, Organization studies, vol. 21, n. 4, pp. 697-720.
KERREMANS B. (1996), “Do Institutions Make a Difference? Non Institutionalism, Neo-Institutionalism, and the Logic of Common Decision-Making in the European Union”, Governance, vol. 9, n. 2, pp. 217-240.
LALIVE R., SCHMUTZLER A. (2008), “Exploring the effects of competition for railway markets”, International Journal of Industrial Organization, vol. 26, n. 2, pp. 443-458.
LODGE M. (2003), “Institutional choice and policy transfer: reforming British and German railway regulation”, Governance, vol. 16, n. 2, pp. 159-178.
MANGIA G., MERCURIO L., OLIVA A., MARTINEZ M. (2012), “Authority, infrastrutture e performance nel trasporto e nell’industria ferroviaria. Un confronto europeo”, T_Cesit, n. 3, pp. 18-33.
MARTINEZ M., CANONICO P. (2005), “Organisational models of notified certification bodies in the transeuropean railway system: isomorphic pressures and allomorphic responses”, Egos Colloquium Unlocking organizations. EGOS Proceedings, 30 Giugno - 2 Luglio 2005, Berlin.
MARTINEZ M., JAMISON M., TILLMAR M. (2013), “Public utilities corporate governance”, The Journal of Management and Governance, vol. 17, n. 4, pp. 827-833.
MARTINEZ M., PEZZILLO IACONO M., MANGIA G., GALDIERO C. (2012), “Knowledge creation and inter-organizational relationships: the development of innovation in the railway industry”, Journal of Knowledge Management, vol. 16, n. 4, pp. 604-616.
MERCURIO R., CANONICO P., PEZZILLO IACONO M. (2012), “Organising Mobility as an Infrastructure for Development” in Kresl P.K., Ietri D., European Cities and Global Competitiveness: Strategies for Improving Performance, pp. 422-444, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, UK.
MERCURIO R., MARTINEZ M. (1999), Il trasporto ferroviario europeo. Organizzazione e regolazione del mercato, Gangemi, Roma.
MERCURIO R., MARTINEZ M. (2009), Modelli di governance e processi di cambiamento nelle public utilities, Franco Angeli, Milano.
MERCURIO R., MOSCHERA L., MARTINEZ M., (2000), “Le imprese di trasporto ferroviario in Europa: pressioni istituzionali e nuove forme organizzative”, in Maggi B., Le sfide organizzative di fine secolo ed inizio secolo. Tra postfordismo e regolazione, Etas, Milano.
MEYER J.W., ROWAN B. (1977), “Institutionalized organizations: Formal structure as myth and ceremony”, American journal of sociology, vol. 83, n. 2, pp. 340-363.
MEYER H.D., ROWAN B. (2006), The new institutionalism in education, SUNY Press, Albany.
MEYER A.D., TSUI A.S., HININGS C.R. (1993), “Configurational approaches to organizational analysis”, Academy of Management Journal, vol. 36, n. 6, pp. 1175-1195.
PONTI M., BERIA P., ERBA S. (2007), Una politica per i trasporti italiani, Roma-Bari, Laterza.
PRESTON J. (2009), Competition for long distance passenger rail services: the emerging evidence, OECD Publishing, Paris.
PRESTON J., WHELAN G., WARDMAN M. (1999), “An analysis of the potential for on-track competition in the British passenger rail industry”, Journal of Transport Economics and Policy, vol. 33, n. 1, pp. 77-94.
SCOTT W.R. (1998), Organizations: rational, natural, and open systems, 4th ed., Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ.
SCOTT W.R., MEYER J.W. (1994), Institutional environments and organizations: Structural complexity and individualism, Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA.
SHORT J.C., PAYNE G.T., KETCHEN D.J. (2008), “Research on Organizational Configurations: Past Accomplishments and Future Challenges”, Journal of Management, vol. 34, n. 6, pp. 1053-1079.
SUCHMAN L.A. (1987), Plans and Situated Actions: The Problem of Human-Machine Communication, Cambridge University Press, New York.
SUCHMAN M.C., EDELMAN L.B. (1996), “Legal rational myths: The new institutionalism and the law and society tradition”, Law and Social Inquiry, vol. 21, n. 4, pp. 903-941.
VOLBERDA H.W., VAN DER WEERDT N., VERWAAL E., STIENSTRA M., VERDU A.J. (2012), “Contingency fit, institutional fit, and firm performance: a metafit approach to organization-environment relationships”, Organization Science, vol. 23, n. 4, pp. 1040-1054.
ZUCKER L.G. (1987), “Institutional theories of organization”, Annual Review of Sociology, vol. 13, pp. 443-464.
